Periodontology

The inflammation of the gums and the resulting bleeding seen during chewing or brushing are indicative of the existence of some degree of gingivitis.

Gingivitis is due to the dental microbial plaque, a thin layer of bacteria that adheres to the surface of the teeth. The plaque interacts with various components of the saliva and gradually hardens to form the tartar. The treatment of gingivitis is the cooperation of the doctor and the patient, whose cooperation is the cornerstone of his treatment. Removing deposits on the teeth by scaling, polishing the teeth to create a smooth surface immediately through polishing and removing pigments by air powder polishing are the main weapons available to the physician and which, in combination with the observance of oral hygiene rules on the part of the patient will lead to the maintenance of the health of the gums and the prevention of the transition of gingivitis into heavier forms of inflammation such as periodontitis.

The next and heaviest stage of gingivitis is periodontitis in which, in addition to inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding the tooth, the bone is also affected and this disease, if not obstructed, can lead to its loss. Periodontitis as a disease exhibits inflations and deflations in which the destruction of the supporting tissues of teeth varies. The first and most basic stage of treatment of this disaster is the radical cleaning of the roots of the teeth in order to remove sub-muscular deposits, a conservative process and often enough to stop the damage and prevent further destruction.

Immediate relief of the patient and planning the continuation of treatment.

Gingival recession is called the destruction and apical displacement of the gums that reveal the root of the tooth, which can be due to a periodontitis or the use of an inappropriate toothbrush and the wrong brushing technique. Over the years, a degree of retreat of the gums is normal. Usually, hypersensitivity to hot, cold, and other stimulus occurs. This destruction can be regenerated with aesthetic periodontal techniques. Restoration is usually done with a human graft usually coming from the palate area but artificial grafts can also be used. The new tissue that develops has the characteristics of normal gums.

The next stage of root scraping is directed tissue regeneration. This is the technique that aims at regenerating damaged periodontal tissues. The dentist surgically removes tartar and inflammatory tissues from the root of the tooth and the surrounding bone with the help of flaps (removing the gum from the bone). In the gap created due to the destruction between the bone and the tooth a bone graft is placed either by the patient itself or artificial. This area is covered with a membrane that isolates and protects the graft from collapse, usually absorbable to avoid the need for second surgery to remove it. Through this process the body begins to develop new bone and regain a large degree the bone that has been destroyed. The purpose of this intervention is to change the gingival architecture around the teeth in order to achieve the elimination of the periodontal pockets.

Clinical elongation is an operation that aims to reveal part of the tooth that is beneath the gum line and to increase the part that appears in the mouth. It occurs when it is intended to place a fixed prosthesis on the tooth and its clinical crown is not sufficient or when the caries have reached below the gum line or the tooth has fractured at this point. By removing the necessary scar tissue (and, as the case may be, the bone) reveals part of the healthy tooth and we can proceed to repair the damage. The healing of this intervention varies, but creates the conditions for easy access to the area for its restoration.